A shock absorber is an essential component of a car's suspension system that is responsible for providing a smooth, comfortable ride to passengers by reducing the amount of vibration and shock that is transmitted to the vehicle's frame. Also referred to as dampers, shock absorbers function by dampening the oscillation of springs or suspension components that support the weight and movement of the vehicle's body.

When a road bump is encountered, the suspension system compresses and generates potential energy that is absorbed by the shock absorber, which converts the energy into heat. The damping effect of the shock absorber prevents the vehicle from bouncing excessively, oscillating up and down, or producing a noise while driving on an uneven road surface. A well-maintained shock absorber ensures that the tires remain in contact with the road, providing adequate traction, which consequently improves the handling and stability of the vehicle in various driving conditions.